10 Jembatan Terpanjang Indonesia

10. The Kutai Kartanegara Bridge (580 m)

Kutai Kartanegara Bridge is the means of liaison between Tenggarong Seberang, Tenggarong, Kutai Kartanegara. The length of the bridge is 580 Meters. The bridge was built to resemble the Golden Gate Bridge located in San Francisco.

9. The Kahayan Bridge (640 meter)

Construction of The Kahayan Bridge is finish in 2001, Length of Bridge Approximate 640 meter, width 9 meter, to built with Australia steel construction,The length curve is red colored and bridge to connecting several district in Central Kalimantan, among others Regency of South Barito and to Regency of North Barito. And official appointment by, The President RI, Mrs. Megawati Soekarno Putri, on January 18, 2001.

8. The Barelang Bridges (642 meter) - (The Tengku Fisabillilah Bridge)

The Tengku Fisabilillah bridge connects Batam and Tonton island. It stretches for 642 meters and is the most popular bridge of all, being a cable-stayed bridge with two 199 m high pylons and main span 350 m

7. Rumpiang Bridge (753 meter)

Rumpiang is a small village in the Barito riverside. But, now Rumpiang is also a name for big size bridge with 753 m length accross the Barito river. The bridge constructed to shortcut an access from Banjarmasin to Muarabahan. Before this, people have to accross the river by using a ferry service.
6. Mahulu Bridge (789 meter)

Mahakam Ulu (Mahulu) which bridge under construction crossing Mahakam river. This river is used for coal transport way. This bridge is one of five bridges which crossing the Mahakam river and they are Martadipura, Kartanegara, Mahulu, Mahkota I, and Mahkota II. The bridge length is 789 m with main channel is 200 m.


5. Barito Bridge (1082 meter)

Barito Bridge is a bridge which divides the Barito River in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. This bridge has a length of 1082 meters across the Barito River 800 yards wide and the small island (Pulau Bakut) 200 meters wide. The bridge consists of the main bridge 902 meters long, and the bridge approach 180 meters, 10.37 meters wide. Height of free space the main bridge 15 to 18 meters, so that could be used for water traffic.

4. Ampera Bridge (1117 m)

The bridge that spread above Musi River is becomes the main characteristic of Palembang city. It was built on 1962 - 1965. Ampera Bridge has 1117 meter of length and 78m high of tower. However, the special feature of this bridge that it can be opened and closed, the mechanism is no longer working, whereas is fact, it is the only bridge in Indonesia with the open-and-closed mechanism. Now it is only history. The bridge has to be lifted up of the middle shares each time there every king sized ship, with height above nine meters, will pass by quickly. Both for going to downstream and also which going to the upstream.


3. The Tengku Agung Sultanah Latifah Bridge (1196 meter)

The Tengku Agung Sultanah Latifah Bridge located in the capital city of Riau Province, Siak Regency is a beautiful stretch he's the Siak river. "Males River" is the nickname of this river in the past. Bridge is designed to age more than 100 years has been built through a system of cable stayed, with modern construction. Siak Bridge or The Tengku Agung Sutanah Latifah Bridge is designed since 2001 by a team of experts from the ITB. 1196 meters long, 16.95 meters wide sidewalk flanking the right side and left the bridge. The bridge height reached 23 meters in the Siak River water level reaches a whidth of about 300 meters. On the bridge stood two tall towers each 80 meters equipped with two elevators to get to the top of the tower. Fore these two towers would be the "point value" in tourism sector due to the location of the cafe will be built so that visitors can enjoy Siak panoramic beauty of the crossed by a winding river like a dragon.


2. The Pasupati Bridge (2147 meter)

As Bandung's newest icon, Pasupati cable stayed bridge (2147 meters, 21.53 meter wide) is probably quite well known among those who know this city. The stories behind it, however, may not be as familiar to those who live outside Bandung.

1. The Suramadu Bridge (5438 meter)

The Suramadu Bridge, also known as the Surabaya–Madura Bridge, is a bridge with three cable-stayed sections constructed between Surabaya on the island of Java and the town of Bangkalan on the island of Madura in Indonesia.Opened on June 10, 2009. The 5438 meters bridge is the longest in Indonesia and the first bridge to cross the Madura Strait.

Source:
http://www.shevceba.co.cc/
http://dailyphotoku.blogspot.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/
http://www.indonesia-tourism.com/
http://indahnesia.com/
http://bandungdailyphoto.com/
http://www.skyscrapercity.com/

pictured by:
flickr.com
eastjava.com
http://mediaranahjaya.blogspot.com/

Similar phenomena

Over time, couples will be more similar to each other. Increasingly feel happy, then they more likely to have a physical resemblance. Thus the results of research conducted psychologist Robert Zajonc from the University of Michigan as reported by Livescience.com, recently.

Zajonc to experiment, to test the phenomenon of life that the longer couples face more and more similar to each other. He analyzes the photographs when the newly married couple and the pictures 25 years later. Zajonc estimate, an elderly couple seemed more like because people will imitate the expression on his friend's face.

"In other words, if your spouse has a good sense of humor and lots of laughs, then he will develop laugh lines around their mouths. So did his partner," says Zajonc. "Other evidence also showed that men and women the possibility of initially attracted to someone who has the same personality."

In 2006, in one study, scientists at the University of Liverpool asked for volunteers to look at portraits of men and women and assess the personalities of people in the photo. The participants did not know where the couple live figure in the photographs, but most couples who live together long considered to have the most similar personalities.

The researchers concluded, has the personality traits of interest may exist correlation to make the face look attractive. In a study of twins, scientists from the University of Western Ontario found that study participants tended to choose partners with similar genes; partner of each of identical twins have a higher similarity than pairs of non-identical twins. 

Jugun Ianfu: Suffering that never ended

Jugun ianfu or Comfort women is a euphemism for women working in military brothels, especially those women who were forced into prostitution as a form of sexual slavery by the Japanese military during World War II.

Around 200,000 are estimated to have been involved, with estimates as low as 20,000 from some Japanese scholars and estimates of up to 410,000 from some Chinese scholars, but the exact numbers are still being researched and debated. Historians and researchers have stated that the majority were from Korea, China, Japan and Philippines, but women from Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Taiwan, Indonesia, and other Japanese-occupied territories were also used in "comfort stations". Stations were located in Japan, China, the Philippines, Indonesia, then Malaya, Thailand, then Burma, then New Guinea, Hong Kong, Macau, and what was then French Indochina.
Young women from countries under Japanese Imperial control were reportedly abducted from their homes. In some cases, women were also recruited with offers to work in the military. It has been documented that the Japanese military itself recruited women by force. However Japanese historian Ikuhiko Hata stated that there was no organized forced recruitment of comfort women by the Japanese government or military.
The number and nature of comfort women servicing the Japanese military during World War II is still being actively debated, and the matter is still highly political in both Japan and the rest of the Far East Asia.
Many military brothels were run by private agents and supervised by the Japanese Army. Some Japanese historians, using the testimony of ex-comfort women, have argued that the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy were either directly or indirectly involved in coercing, deceiving, luring, and sometimes kidnapping young women throughout Japan's Asian colonies and occupied territories.

Jugun Ianfu in Indonesia

Mardiyem is one of the victims of Japanese military sexual slavery during the period 1942-1945 pedudukan. His story as a sex slave tertutur in a book titled "Momoye: They Call Me" written by Eka Hindra with Koichi Kimura and published in 2007.
Mardiyem is an orphan who daily work as servants in the palace with the task of taking care of horses and carriages. Age 13 years when the local Japanese authorities opened an opportunity for girls to be a showman. Because fond of singing, he went to register. Those selected must undergo a medical examination. "My brother did not you want to ride the boat, far away Borneo could two to three days on the ship, so his body should be healthy ...," the reasons given Soesroedoro physician's assistant who opened the practice in the area Panembahan, Yogyakarta, told Mardiyem who knows only that he would join a play group Pantja Soerja in Borneo.Mardiyem addition, there are about 40 other girls aged between 16-22 years are superimposed to a boat to Borneo in August or September 1942. Only Mardiyem and three other girls who just turned 13 years old, namely Soetarbini from Tedjokusuman, Karsinah from Tamansari, and Jaroem from Sosrowijayan. One ship, but all sorts of hope that kept the women who were transported from Java to Borneo's. Mardiyem expect him to be a player plays according to promise, but there are others who expect a job as a housemaid or houseboy to eat. When they finally landed in Borneo, the fate that awaits utterly beyond any hope of that ever existed on the ship.After the war, the punishment was not less cruel society. They unilaterally declared a moral flaw, simply because they are considered 'old whore'. To avoid discrimination, many of them choose to hide their past or living isolate themselves in grief and misery to end their lives. They are the victims of humanitarian crimes that never get any assistance to heal the physical, mental as well as their deep inner. They really took it all alone in this. There was never any official recognition from any party that they actually are victims of crimes against humanity and deserved justice.
In 1993, ex Jugun ianfu Mardiyem become the first Indonesian to complain of his fate companion law, namely to LBH Yogyakarta, as a first step to pioneer the struggle to find justice for Indonesian women who were forced into sexual slavery by Japanese military authorities during the occupation period from 1942 to 1945 . Two years later, accompanied by LBH Yogyakarta Mardiyem go to Japan for the first open problem ianfu Jugun Indonesia in international forums. A year later Mardiyem got an invitation from one of his lecturers Japan to promote his testimony as a Jugun ianfu on campuses Sakura Affairs.In the final moments, Mardiyem give a message to the Indonesian government in order to disseminate Jugun ianfu to the young generation and to streamlining the curriculum history of education in Indonesia, especially about who and why is there Jugun ianfu. Mardiyem not agree terms mean Jugun ianfu equated with a 'pelacur', as currently exist in schools history books.

source:
http://jugunianfuindonesia.org/
http://langitperempuan.com/
http://swaramuslim.net/
http://sejarahkita.blogspot.com/
http://detiknews.com/
http://koalisiperempuan.or.id/
http://mediaranahjaya.blogspot.com/ 

The Big Holes in Indonesia

1. Mining holes Batu Hijau in Sumbawa

Batu Hijau mine is an open pit mine which is a copper and gold mine. These mines operated by Newmont Mining Corporation subsidiary PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara (PT Newmont). This mine is located 1530 kilometers (950 miles) east of the capital Jakarta, Indonesia in Sumbawa, in the District Taliwang south, an island in West Nusa Tenggara. Mine is the result of ten years of exploration and development programs are based on the discovery of porphyry copper deposit in 1999. Production began in 2000.

2. Mining holes Grasberg in Papua
Grasberg mine is the largest gold mine and third largest copper mine in the world. Located in Indonesia's Papua province near the Puncak Jaya, the highest mountain in Papua, and has 19 500 employees. It is majority owned by a subsidiary of Freeport-McMoRan, based in the United States (67.3%), together with its subsidiary, PT Indocopper Investment Corporation (9.3%), and Indonesia (9.3%) ; and revenue sharing joint venture with Rio Tinto Group (13%). The cost to build the mine on the mountain of U.S. $ 3 billion. In the year 2006, an estimated 2.8 billion tons of reserves valued at 1.09% copper, 0.98 grams / ton gold and 3.87 grams / tonne silver. Production in 2006 was 610 800 tons of copper; 58,474,392 grams of gold, and 174 458 971 grams of silver.

source:
http://mediaranahjaya.blogspot.com/
http://kaskus.us
http://en.wikipedia.org
http://googleearthplaces.com

The Indonesian man who survived an earthquake by sawing off his own leg

An 18-year-old construction worker trapped in the rubble of a building that collapsed during the earthquake in Indonesia escaped after sawing off his own leg.

Ramlan, from Padang, was working on the seventh floor of a building under construction when the quake hit the city on 30 September.
The teenager's leg was crushed beneath a falling concrete girder as he and his colleagues were attempting to flee the building, leaving him trapped and alone.
Ramlan attempted to pull his leg free so he could escape to safety, but found himself trapped. He was able to reach a hoe, and began to hack at his leg, but the blade was too blunt to penetrate the bone.
Fortunately, his mobile phone had survived undamaged, and Ramlan was able to telephone his friend and colleague Eman, who returned to the building to help.
Eman, 53, located a trowel, and handed it to Ramlan, who continued to hack at the crushed limb, but again found he could not penetrate the bone. Eman then found him a saw, and Ramlan began to saw through his leg, but was too weak to continue.
Eman, who lives in the same street as Ramlan and calls him Adik, which translates as "little brother", took over and amputated the leg before winding his T-shirt around the wound and carrying Ramlan to the Yos Sudarso hospital.
Doctors there were able to staunch the bleeding, and performed a more orthodox amputation higher up the limb.
Ramlan was visited in hospital by Caritas, an international partner of the British charity Cafod, a member of the Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC).
Speaking to Caritas charity worker Tim O'Connor yesterday, Eman said: "I just thought I have to save my friend and I raced back up to where he was. I did not think of the danger, just of the welfare of my friend."
Brendan Gormley from the DEC – made up of 13 UK charities – said Ramlan's bravery was typical of many survivors. "Ramlan's actions were extraordinary and the courage and determination he showed is typical of many survivors with whom we are working."
Charities have been delivering aid to tens of thousands of survivors in and around Padang since the earthquake. Cafod and partner charity Caritas have delivered tarpaulins to villages and aim to assist 27,500 people, while World Vision is distributing 12,000 family emergency kits, including sleeping mats, blankets and soap. The Red Cross has more than 300 volunteers distributing relief items.
Oxfam is providing clean water and shelter in the region, and has sent mobile water treatment plants to Padang, while Christian Aid and Save the Children are supporting thousands of households.
So far 704 people have been confirmed dead in Indonesia and343 missing. An estimated 1,500 people were injured in the quake, 600 of them severely. Search and rescue teams say there are no more survivors in the collapsed buildings.

source:
http://mediaranahjaya.blogspot.com/
http://oddee.com
http://guardian.co.uk
http://tempo.co.id

5 plane crash in Indonesia, with most casualties

5. Casualties killed 104 people.

December 19, 1997. SilkAir Flight 185 was a routine commercial flight service airline SilkAir from Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, Jakarta, Indonesia to Changi Airport, Singapore. On December 19, 1997, at around 16:13 pm, Boeing 737-300 aircraft serving these routes have an accident crashed in the Musi River, Palembang, South Sumatra. All of the 104 people who were in it (97 passengers and 7 crew members) were killed, including pilot Tsu Way Ming and co-pilot Duncan Ward. Among those killed in the crash was Singaporean model and author Bonny Hicks.

4. Casualties killed 107 people.

Pan Am Flight 812, a Boeing 707-321B, was a scheduled international flight from Hong Kong to Sydney, Australia with an intermediate stop at Denpasar, Bali. On April 22, 1974 it crashed into a rough mountainous terrain while preparing for a runway 09 approach to Denpasar after a 4 hour 20 minutes flight from Hong Kong. Location of the accident is about 42.5 nautical miles North-West of Ngurah Rai Airport.

Examination on the disposition of the wreckage and inspection of the site indicated that no structural failure of the aircraft occurred before impact. It was determined that the premature execution of a right-hand turn to join the 263 degrees outbound track, which was based on the indication given by only one of the ADFs while the other one was still in steady condition is the most probable cause of the accident.

3. Casualties killed 143 people.

5 September 2005. Indonesia Mandala Airlines Flight 091 was a Boeing 737-200 owned by Mandala Airlines crashed in the area Padang Bulan, Medan,Indonesia on 5 September 2005. This accident happened as the plane was taking off from Polonia Airport, Medan. The plane was flying majoring in Jakarta and Medan to transport 116 people (111 passengers and 5 crew). Previously reported that the plane carrying 117 people but a passenger plane. Passengers who survived were 17 men and 44 people on the ground also become korban.Pada October 12, 2006, NTSC stated that based on the results of the investigation, Flight 91 fell due to the condition of the flap and slat (adder tool lift the aircraft during take-off) that does not go down as well as procedures check list of equipment that does not fit the requirements.

2. Casualties killed 191 people.

December 4, 1974. Martin Air aircraft leased to Garuda Indonesian hajj flight crashed while landing at the airport will Colombo, Sri Lanka, and caused 191 deaths.

1. Casualties killed 235 people.

26 September 1997. Garuda Indonesia flight GA 152 was an Airbus A300-B4 aircraft that crashed in the village of Fruit Nabar, Sibolangit district, Deli Serdang regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia (about 32 km from the airport and 45 km from the city of Medan) is now about to land at Polonia Airport, Medan on 26 September 1997. This accident killed all 222 people on board are numbered and 12 crew and up to now is the biggest plane crash in Indonesia's history.

The plane was en route from Jakarta to Medan and have been preparing for landing. Polonia Airport control tower lost contact with the plane at around 13:30 pm. When the occurrence of these events, the city of Medan was thick smoke from the fires blanketed the forest. The thickness of the smoke causes the pilot was very limited range of view and just rely on guidance from the control tower Polonia, but kesalahmengertian communication between the control tower to the pilots caused the aircraft taking the wrong direction and crashed into a mountain cliff.

From all the people killed, there are 44 dead victims could be identified which was subsequently buried at Monument Membramo, Medan. Among the casualties, other than citizens of Indonesia, also carrying passengers to U.S. citizenship, the Netherlands and Japan.

Bonus: The Missing Plane

1. January 1, 2007.

Adam Air Flight KI-574 was a scheduled domestic airline Adam Air is majoring inSurabaya-Manado, which prior to transit in Surabaya from Jakarta, is lost in flight. The black box was found at a depth of 2000 meters on August 28, 2007. All the passengers and crew numbering 102 missing and presumed dead. On March 25, 2008, the cause of the accident as announced by the National Transportation Safety Committee (NTSC) is bad weather, damage to navigational aids inertial Reference System (IRS), and failure of pilot performance in dealing with emergency situations.

2. January 31, 1993.

SC-7 aircraft of Pan Malaysian Air Transport Skyvan registered 9M-PID lost 35 minutes after taking off from Polonia. The aircraft with 11 passengers and 3 crew members crashed in the forest area of East Aceh, no one has found its ruins.

source:

http://dephub.go.id/knkt/ntsc_home/ntsc.htm

http://adiewicaksono.wordpress.com

http://angkasa-online.com

http://en.wikipedia.org

http://mediaranahjaya.blogspot.com/

Revisi of my post "The Oldest Kingdom in Indonesia"

10. Sunda Kingdom (669-1579 AD)
Kingdom of Sunda (669-1579 AD), according to the script Wangsakerta a stand-replacing royal kingdom Tarumanagara. Sunda kingdom founded by Tarusbawa Çaka 591 in the Sunda (669 M). According to primary historical sources from the 16th century, this kingdom is a kingdom, which covers an area which is now the province of Banten, Jakarta, West Java Province, and the western part of Central Java Province.
Based on the primary codex Bujangga Manik (narrating the journey Bujangga Manik, a Hindu priest who visited the Sunda sacred places of Hinduism in Java and Bali in the early 16th century), which is currently stored at Boedlian Library, Oxford University, UK since 1627), limits to the east of the Sunda kingdom is Ci pamali ("pamali River", now known as Kali Bradford) and Ci Serayu (which is currently called Kali Serayu) in Central Java Province.

9. Kanjuruhan Kingdom (6th Century)
Kanjuruhan is a Hindu kingdom in East Java, whose center was near Malangcity now. Kanjuruhan alleged to have been founded in the 6th century AD (still contemporary with the Kingdom Taruma around Bekasi and Bogor now). Written evidence of this kingdom is the inscription Dinoyo. Its king is Gajayana famous. Another relic is the Temple and the Temple Wurung Clown.

8. Kalingga Kingdom (6th Century)
Kalinga is a patterned Hindu kingdom in Central Java, whose center located in Jepara area now. Kalinga already exist in the 6th century AD and its existence is known from the sources of China. The kingdom was once ruled by Queen Shima, who is known to have whoever stole the regulations, will cut his hand.
Putri Maharani Shima, Parvati, is married to Crown prince named Mandiminyak Galuh Kingdom, which later became the second king of the Kingdom of Galuh.
Maharani Shima has a grandson named Sanaha who married the third king of the Kingdom of Galuh, namely Brantasenawa. Bratasenawa Sanaha and have children named Sanjaya, who later became king of the Kingdom of Sunda and Galuh Kingdom (723-732 AD).
After Maharani Shima died in the year 732 AD, Sanjaya replaces the great-grandfather and became the king of Kalinga kingdom of the North, later known as the Earth Mataram, and later founded the dynasty / Wangsa Sanjaya in the Ancient Mataram Kingdom.
Handing over power in West Java to the son of Tejakencana, namely Tamperan Barmawijaya aka Rakeyan Panaraban.
Then King Sanjaya to marry the daughter Sudiwara Dewasinga, King of the South or the Earth Sambara Kalinga, and had a son namely Rakai Panangkaran.

7. Barus Kingdom (6th Century)
Barus is a continuation of the imperial kingdom in Barus after the entry of Islam to Barus. Islam was introduced to Barus in the early emergence of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula.
In an archaeological excavation, discovered tomb Mahligai a historic burial ground Rukunuddin Sheikh and Sheikh Usuluddin which marks the emergence of Islam to Indonesia in the first century AD in District VII Barus.
This cemetery length approximately 7 meters tombstone decorated by some peculiar and unique to read Arabic, Tarikh 48 H and Tomb Objects Mahligai is for Muslims Religious Tourism World is Located 75 km from Sibolga and 359 km from Medan City .
The first king who became a Muslim is King Kadir, who then passed on to his children who later styled Sultan.
Kadir is the successor kingdom of the King who had the hereditary rule and is a descendant of King Barus Pardosi Alang, once established the first center in Toddang Kerajaaannya (tundang), Tukka, Pakkat - also known as the country Rambe, who migrated from the clan Balige Pohan.
In the 6th century, has stood up a new authority established by the Sultan of Barus Ibrahimsyah coming from Tarusan, Minang, Batak descent from a collection of clans Pasaribu, which eventually form the leadership in Barus Dulisme.

6. Tarumanegara (358-669 AD)
Tarumanagara or Taruma Kingdom is a kingdom that once ruled in western Java in the 4th century until the 7th century AD Taruma is one of the oldest kingdoms in the archipelago that leave the historical record. In historical records and relics of royal artifacts around the site, it seems that at that time the kingdom Taruma homage to Vishnu is the Hindu kingdom.
When given the historical record or inscription that is, no definitive explanation or notes about who is the first time establish Tarumanegara kingdom. King of the ever powerful and very famous in the annals is Purnawarman. In 417 he ordered the excavation and Candrabaga Gomati River (Kali Bekasi) along the 6112 spear (about 11 km). Excavation is completed, the king entered into salvation with menyedekahkan 1000 cows to the Brahmins.
Evidence of the existence of the Kingdom Taruma known with seven stone inscriptions were found. Four in Bogor, one in Jakarta and one in Lebak Banten. From the inscriptions it is known that the kingdom led by Rajadirajaguru Jayasingawarman in 358 AD and he ruled until 382 AD Grave Rajadirajaguru Jayasingawarman around the river Gomati (Bekasi region). Tarumanegara Kingdom is a continuation of Salakanagara.

5. Kutai Martadipura Kingdom (350-400)
Kutai Martadipura is patterned Hindu kingdom in the archipelago which has the oldest historical evidence. The kingdom was located in Muara Kaman, East Kalimantan, precisely in the Mahakam river upstream. Kutai name is taken. Kutai name given by experts to take from a place of discovery of an inscription which indicates the existence of the kingdom. There are no inscriptions that clearly mentions the name of this kingdom, and indeed very little information can be obtained.

4. Sekala Brak Kingdom (3rd Century)
Sekala Brak is characterized by a Hindu kingdom and is known as a Hindu kingdom Sekala Brak after the arrival of the Four Umpu Pagaruyung who spread the religion of Islam and subsequently became Kepaksian scale Brak, located at the foot of Mount Pesagi (the highest mountain in Lampung) The forerunner of the tribe Lampung ethnic nation today.

3. Melayu Tua Jambi (2nd Century)
Dharmasraya merupakan nama ibukota dari sebuah Kerajaan Melayu di Sumatera, nama ini muncul seiring dengan melemahnya kerajaan Sriwijayasetelah serangan Rajendra Coladewa raja Chola dari Koromandel pada tahun 1025.
Dalam naskah berjudul Chu-fan-chi karya Chau Ju-kua tahun 1225 disebutkan bahwa negeri San-fo-tsi memiliki 15 daerah bawahan, yaitu Che-lan (Kamboja), Kia-lo-hi (Grahi, Ch'ai-ya atau Chaiya selatan Thailand sekarang), Tan-ma-ling (Tambralingga, selatan Thailand), Ling-ya-si-kia (Langkasuka, selatan Thailand), Ki-lan-tan (Kelantan), Ji-lo-t'ing (Cherating, pantai timur semenanjung malaya), Tong-ya-nong (Terengganu), Fo-lo-an (muara sungai Dungun, daerah Terengganu sekarang), Tsien-mai (Semawe, pantai timur semenanjung malaya), Pa-t'a (Sungai Paka, pantai timur semenanjung malaya), Pong-fong (Pahang), Lan-mu-li (Lamuri, daerah Aceh sekarang), Kien-pi (Jambi), Pa-lin-fong (Palembang), Sin-to (Sunda), dan dengan demikian, wilayah kekuasaan San-fo-tsi membentang dari Kamboja, Semenanjung Malaya, Sumatera sampai Sunda.

2. Salakanagara Kingdom (130-362 AD)
This kingdom is a kingdom in West Java was the first ever recorded by history. Salakanagara, based on the Manuscript Library Wangsakerta Rajyarajya i Bhumi Nusantara (who prepared a committee with its chairman Prince Wangsakerta) is thought to be the earliest kingdoms in the archipelago).
Name experts and historians who proves that the Tatar Bantam has a history of values is high, such as Husein Djajadiningrat, Tb. H. Achmad Hasan Mu'arif Ambary, Halwany Michrob and others. Many of their findings has been compiled in the writings, reviews or in books. Not to mention the names like John Miksic, Takashi, Atja, Saleh Danasasmita, Yoseph Iskandar, Claude Guillot, Ayatrohaedi, Vishnu Handoko and others who add insight about the Bantam become more spacious and open with his works made both in Indonesian and English.
Founder Salakanagara, Dewawarman ambassador is around, traders as well as foreigners from Pallawa, Bharata (India), who eventually settled for marrying the daughter of a local prince.

1. Kandis Kingdom (Before Century)
Kingdom is estimated to stand before a century, predating the establishment of royal Moloyou or Dharmasraya.
Two figures are often referred to as the king of this kingdom is Patih and Tumenggung.
Jambi Lubuk ancestors are believed to be descended from Raja Iskandar Zulkarnain Wali Allah. Iskandar Zulkarnain three sons named Maharaja Alif, Maharaja Maharaja Depang and Kings split up looking for new areas. Alif to Banda Ruhum Maharaja, Maharaja Depang to China and Maharaja Airport to Kings Island Gold (Sumatra). When docked in the Golden Island, Kings Maharaja and his entourage set up a kingdom called the Kingdom which is located in Bukit Kandis Burn / Mount Bakau. This area is green and fertile region which is surrounded by crystal clear rivers.

source:
http://mozaikminang.wordpress.com/
http://ahmadsamantho.wordpress.com/
http://kaskus.us/
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http://en.wikipedia.org/
http://id.wikipedia.org/
http://melayuonline.com/
http://pariwisata.lampung.go.id/
http://mediaranahjaya.blogspot.com/ 

Cannibalism in Indonesia

Individual

Sumanto (born in Purbalingga on March 3, 1972) was an Indonesian cannibal who comes from Purbalingga, Central Java. In early 2003, he stole the corpse of a grandmother who had just buried, and then ate because they believe this will give him supernatural powers. Sumanto belief based on mystical beliefs of local and expert opinion that Sumanto mental disorders.
He was sentenced to prison for 5 years but was released to coincide Eid Day 2006 (October 24) after a few times to get remission. Now he's rumored to be in a boarding school.

Poeple
The Korowai of Papua, Indonesia may be the only tribe left in the world to practice ritual cannibalism. It is said that they kill and eat members of their tribe that have been convicted of witchcraft, although this may just be a ploy to attract tourists. Apparently the brain is most tasty part of the victim’s body and is eaten raw while still warm. Korowai houses are built high on stilts. It is thought that this design evolved through a need for protection, owing to the once rampant practice of cannibalism on the island. Members of the Fore tribe, who live on the opposite side of the island to the Korowai in what is now Papua New Guinea, are thought to have contracted the degenerative brain disorder Kuru (also known as laughing sickness) through the ritual consumption of their own dead tribesmen.The Korowai, also called the Kolufo, are a people of southeastern Papua (i.e., the southeastern part of the western part of New Guinea). Their numbers are very roughly estimated at about 3,000. Until the 1970s, they were unaware of the existence of any people besides themselves and some immediately neighboring villages. Only a few of them have become literate thus far.
The Korowai have been reported to practice ritual cannibalism up to the present day. Anthropologists suspect that cannibalism is no longer practiced by the Korowai clans that have had frequent contact with outsiders. Recent reports suggest that certain clans have been coaxed into encouraging tourism by perpetuating the myth that it is still an active practice.In 2006, the television show 60 Minutes claimed that when someone in Korowai society is convicted of being a khakhua (secret witch doctor) he or she is tried, and if convicted he or she is tortured, executed, and eaten. Other unverified claims were made that the brain is usually eaten immediately, while still warm, and that pregnant women and children don't participate in the cannibal act.
The distinctive high stilt architecture of the Korowai houses, well above levels of flood-water levels is a form of defensive fortification- to disrupt rival clans from capturing people (especially women and children) for slavery or to be eaten in cannibalism. The height and girth of the commonly ironwood stilts also serves to protect the house from attacking arson – to set the huts alight and smoke out the hiding inhabitants.


source:
http://tempointeraktif.com
http://weirdworm.com
http://mediaranahjaya.blogspot.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org